1.1Evolution of Networking & Virtualization
1.2In the evolution from Traditional Networking to Virtualized Networking (SDN), which of the following major changes is highlighted in the PPT? A. Networks moved from centralized control to fully distri
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1.3Virtualized Networking in Telecommunications
1.4In the NFV Framework shown in the PPT, which component is responsible for managing and orchestrating Virtual Network Functions (VNFs)? A.SDN Controller B. Virtual Infrastructure C. NFV Orchestrator D
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1.5Tradional vs Virtualized Networking Comparison
1.6According to the comparison table, what is the key difference in management between Traditional Networking and Virtualized Networking? Traditional networking uses policy-based management, while virtu
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1.7The "Old Way": Pre-Virtualization Mobile Networks
1.8According to the diagram, what was one major cause of high latency in pre-virtualization (2G/3G/Early 4G) mobile networks? Lack of MME, SGW, and PGW functions B. All traffic had to be backhauled to
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1.9The Catalyst for Change: 4G Data Tsunami & 5G Requirements
1.10Which 5G requirement specifically addresses applications that need ultra-low latency (<1ms)? eMBB B. mMTC C. uRLLC D. NB-IoT
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1.11The Solution: How Virtualization, NVF and SDN Solved the 5G Puzzle
1.12According to the slide, what is the primary purpose of Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) in 5G? A. To centralize all network control into hardware switches B. To decouple network software from p
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1.13Virtualization Basics: Compute, Storage & Network
1.14In compute virtualization, what is the primary role of the hypervisor? To aggregate multiple storage devices into a logical storage pool B. To create and manage multiple virtual machines that share
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1.15Cloud-native Mindset
1.16Which of the following is a key benefit of microservices architecture as shown in the slide? All components run as a single tightly coupled application B. Failure in one component brings down the en
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1.17The Difference B/W SDN & NVF
1.18According to the slide, what is the primary focus of Software-Defined Networking (SDN)? Decoupling network functions from proprietary hardware B. Separating the control plane from the data plane to
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1.19Compute Virtualization: Hypervisor Types
1.20Which statement correctly describes a Type 1 Hypervisor (Bare-Metal)? It runs on top of a host operating system and is mainly used for desktop virtualization B. It runs directly on physical hardware
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1.21VM vs Containers: Key Differences
1.22Which of the following is TRUE about containers compared to virtual machines (VMs)? Containers include a full Guest OS for each application B. Containers provide stronger isolation than VMs C. Cont
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1.23Enterprise Virtualization Platform
1.24According to the slide, which Type 1 hypervisor is open-source and widely used to power major cloud platforms like AWS, Google Cloud, and OpenStack? VMware ESXi B. Microsoft Hyper-V C. KVM D. SCVM
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1.25VMWare ESXi: Detailed Architecture and Features
1.26Which of the following features in VMware ESXi allows virtual machines to be migrated live with zero downtime? vSAN B. vSphere Client C. vMotion D. High Availability (HA)
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1.27Microsoft Hyper-V: Detailed Architecture and Features
1.28Which of the following is listed as a core advantage of Microsoft Hyper-V in the slide? Requires expensive proprietary hardware B. Deep integration with Windows and Azure ecosystem C. Only supports
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1.29KVM: Architecture and Features
1.30Which of the following is highlighted as a major advantage of KVM in the slide? Requires proprietary hardware certified only by Vmware B. Provides excellent performance because it uses the Linux ker
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1.31Storage Virtualization: SAN, NAS and Object Storage
1.32Which storage type, as shown in the slide, stores data as objects with metadata and a unique ID, and is typically accessed via HTTP-based APIs (like S3 or Swift)? SAN (Storage Area Network) B. NAS (
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1.33SAN-High-Performance Storage for Telecom Infrastructure
1.34According to the slide, which protocol is considered the primary mission-critical option for SAN environments due to its high throughput (8–128 Gbps) and very low latency (<1 ms)? NAS B. iSCSI C. F
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1.35NAS (Network Attached Storage) Architecture
1.36Which protocol is commonly used by Windows clients to access a NAS device, as shown in the slide? NFS B. iSCSI C. SMB/CIFS D. Fibre Channel
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1.37Network Virtualization Architecture
1.38According to the slide, what is one major advantage of VXLAN compared to traditional VLANs? VXLAN supports only 4096 network segments B. VXLAN reduces the need for tunneling and encapsulation C. VX
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1.39VLANs,VXLANs & GRE: Segmentation & Tunneling Technologies
1.40According to the slide, what is one of the primary scalability advantages of VXLAN over traditional VLANs? VXLAN increases VLAN ID space from 12 bits to 16 bits B. VXLAN provides up to 16 million lo
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1.41Virtual Switch Architecture: Standard vSwitch vs Open vSwitch
1.42According to the slide, what is one major capability that Open vSwitch (OVS) provides that a Standard vSwitch does not? Basic Layer-2 switching with MAC learning B. VLAN tagging using 802.1Q C. Ful
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1.43Creating VMs and Virtual Network: VMware ESXI vs Virtual Box
1.44Which networking mode in Oracle VirtualBox allows a VM to access the internet but prevents inbound connections from the host or LAN, making the VM behave like it's behind a router? Bridged Mode B. H
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1.45SDN Application Layer: Defining the Why?
1.46SDN Control Layer: The Network Brain
1.47SDN Infrastructure Layer: The Network Muscle
1.48SDN Southbound API: Controller to device Communication
1.49NETCONF: Network Configuration Protocol
1.50SDN Protocol Comparison: OpenFlow vs NETCONF vsgNMI
1.51Northbound APIs: Application to Controller Communication
1.52SDN Controllers: The Brain of the Network
1.53ONOS Controller in 5G Telecom Architecture
1.54Open Daylight: Modular SDN Platform for Telecom Networks
1.55How SDN Principles are Applied in 5G Networks
1.56Network Slicing: The Killer feature of 5G
1.57SDN in 5G Networks: MEC and SBA