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5G L2 Stack Mastery

by Rajesh Kumar · in General · Last updated: August 8, 2026
Course Description
5G L2 Stack Mastery – Deep Dive with 3GPP, Amarisoft
Master the complete 5G NR Layer-2 Stack with industry-level practical exposure, deep 3GPP specification analysis, Amarisoft testbed validation, protocol log decoding.
This course is specially designed for:


Telecom Engineers
5G Protocol Stack Developers
5G Test Engineers
Wireless R&D Engineers
System Integration Engineers
Freshers preparing for Telecom Product Companies
Professionals targeting Nokia, Ericsson, Samsung, Qualcomm, Jio, Airtel, Intel, MediaTek, Mavenir, Rakuten, and ORAN companies




What Makes This Course Unique?
Unlike theoretical 5G courses, this program focuses on:


Deep understanding of 3GPP Specifications
Real MAC/RLC/PDCP layer procedures
Practical Amarisoft Testbed Validation
Amarisoft-based protocol decoding
Interview-focused troubleshooting scenarios
Real industry debugging methodology
Production-level Layer-2 architecture understanding




Major Topics Covered
5G NR MAC Layer

RACH Procedures
PRACH & Preamble Formats
RA-RNTI Calculation
Timing Advance
MSG1/MSG2/MSG3/MSG4 Flow
HARQ Processes & Retransmissions
Scheduling Request (SR)
Buffer Status Report (BSR)
Power Headroom Report (PHR)
DRX Procedures
Beam Failure Recovery (BFR)
Bandwidth Part (BWP) Procedures
MAC Control Elements
MAC Scheduling Concepts
Deep Dive into TS 38.321




5G NR RLC Layer
This module provides deep practical and specification-level understanding of RLC TM, UM, and AM modes along with real troubleshooting and log analysis scenarios.

Topics Covered

RLC Functionality (TS 38.322 Section 4.4)
Transparent Mode (TM)
Unacknowledged Mode (UM)
Acknowledged Mode (AM)
RRC Parameters defining RLC
PDU Transmission Order in RLC UM
PDU Transmission Order in RLC AM
RLC Maximum Transmission Handling
RLC Window Stall Analysis
Why Half Window Length?
STATUS PDU Deep Dive
ARQ Procedures (TS 38.322 Section 5.3)
Polling Mechanism Logic
Poll Trigger Conditions
Periodic Polling Logic
SDU Discard Procedures
Data Volume Components
Calculation Rules
RLC Retransmission Logic
Segmentation & Reassembly
Sequence Number Management
Reordering Procedures
Timer Handling
RLC State Variables
Error Recovery Concepts

Hands-On Labs

Amarisoft RLC Log Analysis
RLC Retransmission Validation
STATUS PDU Decoding
Poll Bit Validation
Window Stall Troubleshooting
Wireshark Packet Analysis
End-to-End RLC Flow Validation




5G NR PDCP Layer

PDCP Architecture
Sequence Number Handling
ROHC Compression & Decompression
Ciphering & Deciphering
Integrity Protection
Duplicate Discard
Reordering & In-order Delivery
SDU Discard Procedures
PDCP Data Structures
Security Processing
Deep Dive into TS 38.323




Hands-On Practical Labs
Amarisoft Testbed Labs
Students will work on:


Amarisoft Configuration
UE Attach Procedures
RACH Validation
HARQ Log Analysis
BWP Switching Validation
PDCP Security Validation
Timing Advance Analysis
Beam Failure Recovery Scenarios
RLC Retransmission Analysis
STATUS PDU Validation
Polling Mechanism Validation




Amarisoft Log Validation
Hands-on decoding using:


Amarisoft Logs
MAC/RLC/PDCP traces
OTA message analysis
Real signaling troubleshooting
Layer-2 packet debugging

 
3GPP Specifications Covered

TS 38.321 (MAC)
TS 38.322 (RLC)
TS 38.323 (PDCP)
TS 38.331 (RRC)
TS 38.300 (Overall NR Architecture)




After Completing This Course, You Will Be Able To

Understand complete 5G L2 architecture
Decode real 5G NR logs confidently
Validate MAC/RLC/PDCP procedures
Work on Amarisoft-based testing
Understand telecom production stack behavior
Analyze RLC retransmission and window issues
Crack 5G protocol stack interviews
Analyze real-world troubleshooting scenarios




Course Highlights

Industry-Oriented Training
Real Log Analysis
Amarisoft Practical Exposure
Deep 3GPP Specification Mapping
Production-Level Concepts
Interview Preparation Included
Assignment & Validation Exercises
Lifetime Learning Support




Recommended For

Telecom Professionals
LTE/5G Engineers
Embedded Engineers
C/C++ Developers entering Telecom Domain
QA & Validation Engineers
ORAN Engineers
Students interested in Wireless Communication

Start your journey toward becoming a 5G Layer-2 Protocol Expert with real industry-level exposure, practical implementation skills, Amarisoft validation expertise, and production-grade protocol stack understanding.




Internal links
5G L2 & L3 Mastery Course with Hands-On Labs
External links
3GPP Specifications


3GPP TS 38.321 – NR MAC Protocol Specification
3GPP TS 38.322 – NR RLC Protocol Specification
3GPP TS 38.323 – NR PDCP Protocol Specification
3GPP TS 38.331 – NR RRC Protocol Specification
3GPP TS 38.300 – NR Overall Description


[migrated-from-learnpress]

Curriculum

15 Sections 136 Lessons 21h 8m
1.1RACH Procedures in 5G NR 11 minute
1.2Major Enhancements in 5G NR RACH 12 minute
1.3EDT Scenario-TS 38.321,38.300,38.331 7 minute
1.4Preamble Format Categories & Their Impact 3 minute
1.5RACH FLOW 45 minute
1.65G NR PRACH Power Control 5 minute
1.75G NR RA-RNTI Calculation(TS 38.321) 6 minute
1.8MAC structure for RAR 18 minute
1.95G Timing Advance TS 38.321 8 minute
1.10Downlink and Uplink Timing Relation TS 38.321 9 minute
1.11Physical Layer Timing Unit(Tc) 6 minute
1.12How Timing Advance Command is applied 4 minute
1.13Example Calculation_RAR TA 4 minute
1.14MSG3 PUSCH time domain resource Allocation 6 minute
1.15MSG3 Frequency Domain Resource Allocation
1.16MAC BSR 6 minute
1.17Types of BSR 20 minute
1.18BSR Formats 5 minute
1.19BSR MAC-CE Structure 4 minute
1.20BSR Type Selection Example 6 minute
1.215G RLF (TS 38.321) 14 minute
1.22BFR TS 38.321 5.17 10 minute
1.23RRC Parameters for Beam Failure Detection 3 minute
1.24RRC Parameters for Beam Failure Recovery TS 38.331 9 minute
1.25HARQ Entities and Processes 12 minute
1.26Key Procedures 4 minute
1.27Retransmissions 7 minute
1.28HARQ Feedback Handling 10 minute
1.29Buffer Management 3 minute
1.30Synchronization and State Variables 6 minute
1.31Purpose of SR 3 minute
1.32SR Configuration 13 minute
1.33Triggering Conditions 5 minute
1.34SR Transmission Procedure 7 minute
1.35SR Procedure Fallback and Co-ordination 15 minute
1.36Purpose of PHR 6 minute
1.37Types of PHR 3 minute
1.38Triggering Conditions 7 minute
1.39PHR Procedure
1.40Purpose of DRX 9 minute
1.41DRX Configuration 11 minute
1.42Bandwidth Part (BWP) Operation 8 minute
1.43BWP Types 24 minute
1.44BWP Configuration 5 minute
1.45BWP Activation & Deactivation 11 minute
1.46BWP Switching Triggers 12 minute
1.47MAC-Layer Procedures 12 minute
1.48Key Differences from LTE 4 minute
1.49Hands On: BWP Switching DCI 1_1 validation 22 minute
2.1Hands On: MAC Log analysis Deep Drive Amarisoft Test Bed 35 minute
3.11.1 Transfer of Upper Layer PDUs Preview 18 minute
3.21.2 Error Correction through ARQ(Only for AM Data Transfer) 11 minute
3.31.3 Segmentation and Reassembly of RLC SDUs 10 minute
3.41.4 Re-segmentation of RLC SDU Segment 8 minute
3.51.5 Duplicate Detection (Only for AM Data Transfer) 9 minute
3.61.6 RLC SDU Discard (Only for UM & AM) 9 minute
3.71.7 RLC Re-establishment 13 minute
3.81.8 Protocol Error Detection (Only for AM Data Transfer) 14 minute
4.12.1 TM-RLC Entity Behavior 4.2.1.1.2, 4.2.1.1.3 11 minute
4.22.2 UM-RLC Entity Behavior-TX Side 4.2.1.2.2 17 minute
4.32.3 UM-RLC Entity Behavior-RX Side 4.2.1.2.3 16 minute
4.42.4 AM-RLC Entity Behavior-TX Side 4.2.1.3.2 9 minute
4.52.4 Example1 First Transmission with Segmentation 7 minute
4.62.4 Example 2 Re-Transmission with Re-Segmentation 8 minute
4.72.5 AM-RLC Entity Behavior-RX Side 4.2.1.3.3 6 minute
4.82.5 Example 3-Duplicate Detection, Example 4-Loss Detection and Retransmission Request, Example 5-Re-Assembly as soon as possible 9 minute
5.13.1 TM Data Transfer Procedures-Tx Side 5.2.1.1.1 7 minute
5.23.2 TM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side 5.2.1.2.1 7 minute
5.3Complete Walkthrough 8 minute
5.43.3 UM Data Transfer Procedures-Tx Side 5.2.2.1.1 10 minute
5.53.4 UM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side 5.2.2.2.2 5 minute
5.63.4.1 UM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side-Action When a UMD PDU is Received from Lower Layer 5.2.2.2.2 9 minute
5.73.4.2 UM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side-Action When a UMD PDU is Placed in the Reception Buffer 5.2.2.2.3 6 minute
5.8Example: UM RLC Receive Operations-5.2.2.2.3
5.93.4.3 UM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side-Action When t-Reassembly Expires 5.2.2.2.4
5.103.5 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Tx Side 5.2.3.1.1
5.113.6 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Tx Side: Transmitting Window Definition
5.123.7 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Tx Side: SN Assignment for New SDUs
5.133.8 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Tx Side: Positive ACK Handeling
5.143.9 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Tx Side: Discard of SDU when TX Discarded SDU is configured
5.153.10 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side 5.2.3.2.1
5.163.11 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side: Action When an AMD PDU is Received from Lower Layer 5.2.3.2.2
5.173.12 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side: Actions When t-Rx Discard Expires 5.2.3.2.5
5.183.13 AM Data Transfer Procedures-Rx Side: Actions When t-Re-Assembly Expires 5.2.3.2.4
6.14.1 ARQ Procedure in AM RLC 12 minute
7.15.1 RLC AM Retransmission Handling Procedure 15 minute
8.16.1 Polling in AM RLC 11 minute
8.26.2 Counter Based Polling 9 minute
8.36.3 Event Based Polling 10 minute
8.46.4 Reception of a Status Report 5.3.3.3 9 minute
8.56.5 Expiry of t-Poll Retransmit 5.3.3.4 17 minute
9.17.1 Status Reporting in AM RLC 12 minute
9.27.2 Polling from Peer 5.3.4.1 6 minute
9.37.2 Polling from Peer-Examples 6 minute
9.47.3 Detection of Reception Failure (t-Re-Assembly Expiry) 6 minute
9.57.4 Detection of Discard (t-RXDiscard Expiry) 7 minute
9.67.5 Status Prohibit Timer (t-Status Prohibit) 7 minute
9.77.6 Constructing a Status PDU 6 minute
9.8Complete Walkthrough: Poll + Status Construction 8 minute
10.18.1 Data Volume Calculation-Regular BSR 7 minute
10.28.2 Delay Critical RLC Data Volume 6 minute
10.38.3 Delay Reporting RLC Data Volume 16 minute
10.48.4 Inclusion of Status PDU in Data Volume 8 minute
11.19.1 TMD PDU 5 minute
11.29.2 UMD PDU 6.2.2.3 8 minute
11.39.3 AMD PDU 6.2.2.4 12 minute
11.49.4 STATUS PDU 6.2.2.5 12 minute
11.5Complete Walkthrough -From SDU to PDU to Status 18 minute
12.1SN-SI-SO Parameter 12 minute
12.2SO START 9 minute
12.3SO END 13 minute
13.1Hands On: RLC Log analysis Deep Drive Amarisoft Test Bed 49 minute
14.1Transfer of Data (User Plane & Control Plane) 9 minute
14.2Maintenance of PDCP Sequence Numbers (SNs) 6 minute
14.3Header Compression & Decompression (ROHC) 9 minute
14.4Ciphering & Deciphering (Encryption) 7 minute
14.5Integrity Protection & Verification 5 minute
14.6Timer-Based SDU Discard 4 minute
14.7PDU Set Discard 4 minute
14.8Routing (Split Bearers & DAPS Bearer)
14.9Duplication 5 minute
14.10Reordering & In-Order Delivery 6 minute
14.11Duplicate Discarding 2 minute
14.12PDCP layer, functional view(TS 38.323 4.2.2)
14.13Services (TS 38.323 4.3.1) 15 minute
14.14Robust header compression and decompression TS 38.323 5.7 19 minute
14.15ROHC Modes in 5G: Unidirectional Mode (U-mode)
14.16U-mode PCAP validation 3 minute
14.17Bidirectional Optimistic Mode (O-mode)- TS 38.323/RFC 3095 6 minute
14.18Bidirectional Reliable Mode (R-mode) 6 minute
14.19Header decompression using ROHC Flow Diagram (TS 38.323 5.7.5) 15 minute
14.20Ciphering and deciphering Deep Drive (TS 38.323 5.8) 22 minute
14.21Integrity Protection and Verification Deep Drive (TS 38.323 5.9) 38 minute
14.22PDCP Data Structure (TS 38.323 6.2.2/6.2.3) 13 minute
14.23PDCP Structure Parameter (TS 38.323 6.3) 22 minute
15.1Hands On: PDCP Log analysis Deep Drive Amarisoft Test Bed 34 minute

Instructor

R

Rajesh Kumar

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